The Islamic Research for Reviving Science Tech Center
بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم
(In the name of God, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful)
The Islamic Research for Reviving Science Tech Center
Post Code No: 4100
Post Office : Bandar
P.S: Sadarghat, Madarbari
P.S: Sadarghat, Madarbari
Chattagram (Chittagong)
BANGLADESH
BANGLADESH
. بِسْمِ اللهِ الرَّحْمٰنِ الرَّحِيْم
سُبْحَانَكَ لاَ عِلْمَ لَنَا إِلاَّ مَا عَلَّمْتَنَا إِنَّكَ أَنتَ الْعَلِيمُ الْحَكِيمُ
● Subhaanaka laa 'ilma lanaa 'illa maa 'allamtanaa 'innaka 'antal-'Alimul
Hakeem: (Al Baqarah: Ayat: 32)
.شَهِدَ اللَّهُ أَنَّهُ لَا إِلَٰهَ إِلَّا هُوَ وَالْمَلَائِكَةُ وَأُولُو الْعِلْمِ قَائِمًا بِالْقِسْطِ ۚ لَا إِلَٰهَ إِلَّا
● هُوَ الْعَزِيزُ الْحَكِيمُ
●Shahidallahu Annahu Laa ilaaha illaa hua Wal Malaaikatu Wa oolul i’lmi Qoymam Bil Qistoi, laa ilaaha illa hual A’zhizhul Hakeem. (Al Quraan: Surah Ale Imran: Ayat: 18-19)
●Wakanallahu Sameea’n A’leemaa(Surah [[An Nisa: Ayat:
●Ya’lamu Maa Byna Iydihim Wamaa Kholfahum (Surah Al Baqorah-Ayat-ul- Kurshi, Ayat: 255)
Alam Tara Annalla-ha Ya’lamu Maa Fis Samaawaati Wamaa fil Ardo.
(Surah Muzadalah:Ayat: 07)
●A’limul goibi wash shadati huar rahmaanur Raheem. (Surah Al Hashar:Ayat:22)
●Wahual A’zhizhul Hakeem. (Surah Al Hasar, Ayat:24).
Indeed, Allah, almighty is الْعَلِيمُ “*A’leem as well as الْحَكِيمُ “*Hakeem” and “A’leem” & “Hakeem” are 2 of 99 “Asmaus Shifaats” i.e., “Asmaul Husnaa of “Alla-h Robbul A’lameen.”
الْعَلِيمُ (‘Aleem)
Generally ﻋﻠﻴﻢ (‘Aleem) means a scholar recognized as an expert in Islamic law and theology.
Mid 19th century; earliest use found in Edward Lane (1801–1876), Orientalist. Partly from Arabic ʿā’leem scholar, (specifically) expert in Islamic law and theology, use as noun of the active participle of ʿa’lima to know, and partly from Arabic ʿa’leem knowing, learned. (Source: website)
The Arabic word 'Aleem,' comes from the root word ﻋﻠﻢ=ﻉ+ﻞ+ﻡ‘Ayn-Laam-Meem' which means to know, knowledge, science etc. (Source: ditto)
الْحَكِيمُ (Al Hakeem)
Noun, (esp. in Muslim countries), Wise or Learned.
Word Origin and History for Hakeem Expand
Arabic hakeem "wise," from stemof hakuma "he was wise;" whence also hakam "
judge," hikmah "wisdom, science."
The common Dictionary meaning of “.ﺤﻜﻴﻡ”.(Hakeem) is “Wisdom” and the word ofWisdom’s common means are Knowledge, Perception, Astuteness, Intelligence, Acumen, Good judgment, Penetration, Judiciousness, Prudence and Suitability etc. On the other hand the common Dictionary meaning of ﻋﻠﻴﻢ (‘Aleem) is “Knowledge” and ‘Knowledge’ means Information, Science & Technology etc., and “Science” means Knowledge, talent, genius, brilliance, intelligence, intellect, outstanding ability, mastermind, whiz kid, brains etc., and Technology means Expertise, Know-how, Equipment, Machinery, apparatus, paraphernalia etc. But the meaning of “Hakeem” as well as “A’leem” in the ‘Holy Islam’ are very extensive/widespread, those are not explainable for limited human’s ‘Knowledge’ & Wisdom’ But the meaning of Wisdom and knowledge for almighty Alla-h are merely ‘Kudarat-e-ilaahia” i.e., keen miracle only!!!
The Holy Quraan is also “Hakeem”
“Yaaseen, Wal Quraanil Hakeem.” (Surah Al Yaaseen, Ayat: 01).
Verily, the Holy Quraan is also “Hakeem” i.e., “Wahee” based “Kitabullah”.
Indeed, Alla-h, “A’limul Goibi Wash Shadah” and “Ahkamul Hakeemin”,Who descended Quraanil Hakeem.
“The legislation of Quran will spread all over the world, because it agrees with the mind, logic and wisdom.” – Leo Tolstoy.
Hazarat Idris ‘Alyhis Salaam:
Symbol of Education
.
Hazarat Idrīs (Arabic: إدريس) Alyhimus Salaam was an ancient prophet. Idris is surname, actual name wasHazarat Akhmukh Ibn Matushlokh
Islamic tradition has unanimously identified Idris.Several of the classical commentators on the Qur'an, such as Al-Baizawi, said he was "called Idris from the Arabic word درس (Dars), meaning "to instruct," from his knowledge of divine mysteries.
Islamic tradition has unanimously identified Idris.Several of the classical commentators on the Qur'an, such as Al-Baizawi, said he was "called Idris from the Arabic word درس (Dars), meaning "to instruct," from his knowledge of divine mysteries.
It may be noted that the renewed prophet of Allah, almighty was “Akhnun ‘Alyhis Salaam”,whose’s name became “Idris” due to use to teach (Daras) “knowledge” to his accompanies and the place of teaching (Daras) is called “Madrasa.”
The World Stands on Knowledge, Science & Technology
What is Knowledge?
Knowledge
“Knowledge is a familiarity, awareness or understanding of someone or something, such as facts, information, descriptions,or skills,which is acquiredthrough experience or education by perceiving, discovering,or learning”. (Wikipedia)
“Knowledge can refer to a theoretical or practical understanding of a subject. It can be implicit (as with practical skill or expertise) or explicit (as with the theoretical understanding of a subject); it can be more or less formal or systematic”. (Ditto)
Definition of Knowledge:
“The classical definition, described by Plato, specifies that a statement must meet three criteria in order to be considered knowledge: it must be justified, true, and believed”.(Ditto)
What is Science?
Science:
“Science is a systematic enterprise that builds and organizes knowledge in the form of testable explanations and predictions about the universe”. (Wikipedia)
Science (from Latin scientia, meaning "knowledge") is a systematic enterprise that builds and organizes knowledge in the form of testable explanations and predictions about the universe. (Ditto)
The brief History of Science & Technology
“The earliest roots of science can be traced to the works of Ancient Egyptians and Mesopotamians, whose contributions entered and shaped Greek natural philosophy of classical antiquity. After the fall of the Western Roman Empire, knowledge of Greek science deteriorated in Western Europe during the Middle Ages[5] but flourished in the Islamic Golden Age.[6] The recovery and assimilation of Greek and Islamic science into Western Europe during the 10th to 13th century[5][7] preceded the revival of natural philosophy in the West, which continued to develop as the precursor of natural science from the Renaissance through the 19th century. Since the 17th century, scientific knowledge gradually became associated with the scientific method and was increasingly being formulated in terms of physical laws. Particularly in the 19th century, multiple distinguishing characteristics of contemporary science began to emerge.[11][12][13]
Modern science is typically divided into three major branches that consist of the natural sciences (e.g. biology, chemistry, physics), which study nature in the broadest sense; the social sciences (e.g. psychology, sociology, economics), which study individuals and societies; and the formal sciences (e.g. mathematics, logic, theoretical computer science), which study abstract concepts”. (Wikipedia)
Scientific Grounds
Research:
Research of Science
“Science is related to research and is commonly organized by academic and research institutions as well as government agencies and companies. The practical impact of scientific research has led to the emergence of science policies that seek to influence the scientific enterprise by prioritizing the development of commercial products, armaments, health care, and environmental protection”. (Ditto)
What is Technology?
The application of scientific knowledge for practical purposes is called “Technology”. It is the branch of knowledge dealing with applied sciences.
“Technology ("science of craft", from Greek τέχνη, techne, "art, skill, cunning of hand"; and -λογία, -logia) is first robustly defined by Jacob Bigelow in 1829 as: "...principles, processes, and nomenclatures of the more conspicuous arts, particularly those which involve applications of science, and which may be considered useful, by promoting the benefit of society, together with the emolument [compensation] of those who pursue them."
A Brief Description of Contribution of Muslim
in
“The Arabs laid the foundation of those methods of experimental research, which in conjunction with mathematical analysis gave birth of modern Science”. (Robert Briffault)
“The contribution of Mohamadans (Muslims) as transmitter of knowledge from ancient to modern European civilization must not be underrated”. (Bertrand Russell: The History of Western Philosophy :).
“We got civilization from the Muslims and they got from Quran” (Ex-President Dwight Eisenhower: emotional commented on the eve of inaugurate a Mosque of Islamic Centre, Washington DC, USA.)
Noted that on June 28th, 1957, President Dwight Eisenhower addressed a crowd of American and Muslim diplomats gathered at the Islamic Center of Washington’s inauguration. Speaking from under marble columns and turquoise floral tiles he declared that the United States held a “strong bond of friendship with the Islamic nations” and called for the “peaceful progress of all men under one God.” Capitalizing on Eisenhower’s visit to the Islamic Center, the State Department began broadcasting and distributing printed copies of the president’s remarks throughout countries with significant Muslim populations. Egyptian newspapers published photographs of President Eisenhower and Mrs. Eisenhower removing their shoes as they entered the mosque. In Iran, state news media gave extensive coverage to the speech and leading clerics contacted the U.S. Embassy to express their gratitude. The State Department ordered photographs and posters of the Islamic Center of Washington to be printed in mass quantities in French, Arabic, and English at embassies in Dakar, Karachi, Dhaka, Algiers, Tunis, and Damascus.
““Science without religion is lame and religion without science is blind”. (Albert Einstein)
Verily, the Holy “Islam” is never blind/sightlessness or not merely customized religion but as a “Complete Code of Human Life” it is also “Science & Technology based religion” by the grace of Alla-h, almighty.
Since, one upon time the Muslim scholars used to treat the “Master of Science” (especially “Master of Mathematics”) of Europe in non-Muslim world and since the European Science & Technology were transferred in America during the British ruled, those were spread in world-wide that’s because it can easily say that we, the “Muslim Ummah” were “Former Scientist Nation” of the world (Subbayha-nalla-hi Wabihamdihi Subbayha-nalla-hil ‘Azeem), those we, the Muslim Ummah have already been lost now due to our neglect tendency.
However, we know from the book, named “1001 inventions” by Prof. Salim Al Hasani, Chairman, Foundation of Science, Technology and Civilization that maximum “world changeable” invents as well as discoveries had already been performed Muslims scientists by the grace of Alla-h, almighty. There are some important inventions are quoted below for kind perusal:
1. University: The first university of the world was initiated in ‘Gar-e-Hira’, ‘Jabal-e-Noor’ to ‘Darool Arkam’ (Al Mocca Muazzima>’Ashab-e-Suffa’ (Al Madina Munwara>Baitul Hikmah (Bagdad-Iraq)>Alhamra (Granada, Cordova, Muslim ruled Spain) >*Karuyin University, Fez, Morocco. Karuyin University: K. University is called the first formal Modern University of the world, established in 859 (Easa Saal) by Princes Fatima Al Firhi, Fez, Morocco. Since Nearly 1200 years the said University is being spread knowledge in the world till today.
ii. Hospital
iii. Mathematics: The Muslims were called the “Master of Math of Europe”. Abu Abdulla-h Muhammad Ibn Moosaa Alkhawarizom (*Algorithm) is the formally initiator of Modern Mathematics. In the 7th century he wrote “Al Jabar Wal Mukabala”, the name of ‘Aljebra’is basically comes from the said book. He is also inventor of English Numerals i.e., 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 & 9, which are called *Arabic Numerals (sources: Oxford/Quick Dictionary) “instead of Roman numerals I II III IV V IV, IIV, IIIV & IX and proper user of Zero (0),that invented in India sub-continental. However, mathematics is called “Fuel of Science”, that is radical change the world. Especially, the IT revaluation has already been done with using Arabic numerals i.e. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 & 9 and proper use of Zero in “Mobile/Cell as well as “Computer” technologies.
Though, we admire all outputs of a computer with ‘Monitor’ but Monitor is only a cover but it is governed with “Centre Proccessing Unit” (CPU), that is governed with “Mathematical Unit”, which is governed with “Binary Code” and Binary code means “0 (zero) & 1 (one)”.
Europe would be gone ahead in technologically before one century if the Arabic numerals invent hundred years ago (Source: A special feature issued in an influential Magazine of Britain on the eve of celebration “London Islam festival-1980” on new hijra-1400.
Social Media
The Muslim Scientist’s Basic Role in Computer Science.
-Sheikh Muhammad Ramzan Hossain.
Topic: Cell/Mobile Technology and Arabic Numerals.
Suppose, a cell (Mobile) number are: 0119900..................., 01-51100.......; 01-61100.......; 01-71100.......; 01-81001........; 01-91100......; etc., is base on the figure of “Unit System” : 123456789 & 0 or “Octal System” : 1234567 & 0.
It is said world-wide that the current Era is called “Social Media Era” and Social Media’s all conversations are written based and all writing are being expressed in Arabic numeral 1(one) with 0(zero).
A Short History for Contributing of Inventing Arabic Numerals by the Muslim Mathematician:
Contributions
“Al-Khwārizmī's contributions to mathematics, geography, astronomy, and cartography established the basis for innovation in algebra and trigonometry. His systematic approach to solving linear and quadratic equations led to algebra, a word derived from the title of his 830 book on the subject, "The Compendious Book on Calculation by Completion and Balancing".
Source: (i) https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki)input.
Some of his work was based on Persian and Babylonian astronomy, Indian numbers, and Greek mathematics.
Al-Khwārizmī systematized and corrected Ptolemy's data for Africa and the Middle East. Another major book was Kitab surat al-ard ("The Image of the Earth"; translated as Geography), presenting the coordinates of places based on those in the Geography of Ptolemy but with improved values for the Mediterranean Sea, Asia, and Africa.[citation needed]
He assisted a project to determine the circumference of the Earth and in making a world map for al-Ma'mun, the caliph, overseeing 70 geographers.[15]
When, in the 12th century, his works spread to Europe through Latin translations, it had a profound impact on the advance of mathematics in Europe.[citation needed]
Binary numerals were central to Leibniz's theology. Gottfried Leibnizbelieved that binary numbers were symbolic of the Christian idea of creatio ex nihilo or creation out of nothing.”
(ii) https:ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algorithm#cite_note-5.
Muhammad Musa Al Khawrithm, a world reputed Muslim Mathematician; Bagdad, Iraq is called him in Europe Algorithm. The word of “Logarithm” comes from Algorithm, an important portion of a computer, made by John Napier which is an important Circuit of Microchip and Device’s name of computer that is used for critical accounting.
“Circuit of Microchip is helped to change the world picture”, addressed by Dr. Mahathir Muhammad, Ex Prime Minister of Malaysia in an International Islamic Forum in Kualalampore: (Source: The Magazine, published by Rabat-e-Al Alam Al Islam, KSA.)
What is Arabic Numeral
Arabic numeral: Commonly we know that the numerals respectively ١ ٢ ٣ ۴ ۵ ۶ ۷ ۸ ۹are “Arabic Numerals” and 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 & 9 are “English Numerals”. But in modern Mathematical Science, practically the Arabic numerals is called 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 & 9 (may be seen all international dictionaries, namely Oxford, Quick Dictionary etc.). It is verily questionable matter that why not calls 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 & 9 as ‘English Numeral’ but ‘Arabic numerals’?
How to make International Arabic Numerals?
Experiment: Arabic Numeral: 1=١, 2=٢, 3=٣,۸+<+١=4, 2(Inversely 2)=>+5, 6= ﻭ(Inversely ﻭ), 9=۹Arabic Number or ﻭArabic Latter . This is our (irrstc’s) little experiment only
*Roman Numeral: The analog numerals of the mathematic is I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, IX & X are called ‘Roman numeral’ in lieu of digital (from 0 & 1 to 9 numeral is called digital)Arabic Numeral.
For example,’ I’ is the Ninth Number Alphabet of English Grammar, which is represented ‘One’ (1) in Roman Numeral. For example: I means =1, II means =2, III=3, IV=4, V=5, VI=6, VII=7, VIII=8, IX=9, X means =10(Ten) , “L” means =50(Fifty), “C” means=100 (Hundred), “D”=500 (Five Hundred) , “M”=1000 (One thousand) .
However, we do think that there is basic/root figure in the Arithmetic side is only “1” (One) and its assistant is “0” (Zero) for extending large figure. For the following example is:
1+1=2+1=3+1=4+1=5+1=6+1=7+1=8+1=9 i.e.
1+1=2
1+1+1=3
1+1+1+1=4
1+1+1+1+1=5
1+1+1+1+1+1=6
1+1+1+1+1+1+1=7
1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1=8
1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1=9 i.e. 2(Two) to 9(Nine) all mathematical symbols are the Collective of 1(one) only.
As a matter of fact of above “Arabic Numerals” naming is due to religious racing name of inventor in lieu of “English Numeral” was an Arabian, named Musa Al Khwarizmi, western name is “Algorithom”.
Several Numerals of the World:
There are following several kinds of world Numerals:
1. Arabic Numerals:
There are two kinds of Arabic Numerals:
i. Eastern Arabic numerals: ٠- ١ - ٢ - ٣ -٤ - ٥ - ٦ - ٧ - ٨ - ٩ (Called Eastern Arabic numerals, used in the Middle East)
ii. International Arabic Numerals: (We know
as English Numerals): 1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9 with 0 (zero)
(sources: Oxford, Quick etc., Dictionaries)
०.१.२.३.४.५.६.७.८.९.
(search:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic_numerals#cite_note-ifrah-13)
(iii) Roman Numerals: I-II-III-IV-V-VI-VII-VIII-IX-X
Muhammad Ibn Mūsā al-Khwārizm: The Great Successful user of Binary encoding system.Muhammad ibn Mūsā al-Khwārizmī (Persian: محمد بن موسی خوارزمی, Arabic: محمد بن موسى الخوارزمی; c. 780 –. 850), formerly Latinized as Algoritmi,[note 2] was a Persian[3][4] (modern Khiva, Uzbekistan) mathematician, astronomer, and geographer during the Abbasid Caliphate, a scholar in the House of Wisdom in Baghdad. (Source: Wikipedia/web)
“In mathematics and computer science, an algorithm (/ˈælɡərɪðəm/ ( listen) AL-gə-ri-dhəm) is a self-contained sequence of actions to be performed. Algorithms can perform calculation, data processing and automated reasoning tasks. (Source: Ditto)
The Great Role in Mathematics- the “Fuel of Science”of Muhammad Musa Al-Khwarizmi:
“Algorithm based Microchip by Muhammad Musa Al Khwarizmi, helps to change the world picture”.
(Addressed by Dr. Mahathir Muhammad, Ex-Prime Minister of Malaysia in an International Islamic Forum in Kuala lampore : (Source: The Magazine, published by Rabat-e-Al Alam Al Islam, K.S.A.)
“Al-Khwarizmi’s second major work was on the subject of arithmetic, which survived in a Latin translation but was lost in the original Arabic. The translation was most likely done in the 12th century by Adelard of Bath, who had also translated the astronomical tables in 1126”. (Ditto)
“The Latin manuscripts are untitled, but are commonly referred to by the first two words with which they start: Dixit algorizmi ("So said al-Khwārizmī"), or Algoritmi de numero Indorum ("al-Khwārizmī on the Hindu Art of Reckoning"), a name given to the work by Baldassarre Boncompagni in 1857. The original Arabic title was possibly Kitāb al-Jam‘wat-Tafrīq bi-Ḥisāb al-Hind[22] ("The Book of Addition and Subtraction According to the Hindu Calculation").”[23] (Wikipedia)
“On the Calculation with Hindu Numerals written about 825 was principally responsible for spreading the Hindu–Arabic numeral system throughout the Middle East and Europe. It was translated into Latin as Algoritmi de numero Indorum. Al-Khwārizmī, rendered as (Latin) Algoritmi, led to the term "algorithm".
Topic: The Assistant Figure of Arithmetic “0’ (Zero)
“Al-Khwarizmi’s work on arithmetic was responsible for introducing the Arabic numerals, based on the Hindu-Arabic numeral system developed in Indian mathematics, to the Western world. The term "algorithm" is derived from the algorism, the technique of performing arithmetic with Hindu-Arabic numerals developed by al-Khwārizmī. Both "algorithm" and "algorism" are derived from the Latinized forms of al-Khwārizmī's name, Algoritmiand Algorismi, respectively.
The symbol of zero is graphically rounded. The earth, sun, moon, and sky even our head is round too i.e. zero i.e. destroyable.
There is no value of “0” (Zero) except 1 (One). Noted that there is no mathematical or statistical value of “Zero” (o) without 1 to 9 any figure; even no value if the ‘0’ (zero) is used “Before” (Left side of hand) 1(one). For the following example is:
“00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001”means only “1”(One). On the other hand, if it (Zero) is used “After” (Right side of hand) “1” (one); Zero (0) would be best significant and helpful in the mathematics side/sector for counting the following a largest figure i.e., million, billion, and trillion etc. figures just like:
1,00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000.......
.
Indeed, Zero, called Hindu numeral is too useful for the Arabic Numerals but not Roman Numerals. There is no easiness to use Zero in Roman numeral. For example, I0, II0, III0, but IV0 is not decentness. Noted that if the “One” (1) is expressed with in Roman numerals by 9th of letter (consonant) “I”-of English Alphabet, it is not easiness to express a big figure with using the Roman numeral “I” figure.
Without Allah-who is only One, all creation i.e. universe, that standard is zero is valueless. At first Allah then all creations are keen significant full, just like at firstly use 1 (one) and then use 0 zero-that standard is unit, tow zero.
CConclusion: : Since the Muslim mathematicians are basically founder of computer that’s because a Muslim should wellbeing Computer for the human. Especially Muslim scientist should come quick too positive using of computer as per as possible.
Some of his work was based on Persian and Babylonian astronomy, Indian numbers, and Greek mathematics.
Perhaps one o R. Rashed and Angela Armstrong write:
Al-Khwarizmi's text can be seen to be distinct not only from the Babylonian tablets, but also from Diophantus' Arithmetica. It no longer concerns a series of problems to be resolved, but an exposition which starts with primitive terms in which the combinations must give all possible prototypes for equations, which henceforward explicitly constitute the true object of study. On the other hand, the idea of an equation for its own sake appears from the beginning and, one could say, in a generic manner, insofar as it does not simply emerge in the course of solving a problem, but is specifically called on to define an infinite class of problems.[21]
If the most significant advances made by Arabic mathematics began at this time with the work of al-Khwarizmi, namely the beginnings of algebra. It is important to understand just how significant this new idea was. It was a revolutionary move away from the Greek concept of mathematics which was essentially geometry. Algebra was a unifying theory which allowed rational numbers, irrational numbers, geometrical magnitudes, etc., to all is treated as "algebraic objects". It gave mathematics a whole new development pat the above discussion uses modern mathematical notation for the types of problems which the book discusses. However, in al-Khwārizmī's day, most of this notation had not yet been invented, so he had to use ordinary text to present problems and their solutions. For example, for one problem he writes, (from an 1831 translation). The quotable contribution of Al-Khwārizmī is “Binary Code”.
A brief Moral Analysis/experiment on
Binary Code
Binary Code
A binary system in general is any system that allows only two choices such as a switch in an electronic system or a simple true (সত্য ) or false (মিথ্যা) test.” (Wikipedia).
Noted that, George Boole published a paper in 1847, called 'The Mathematical Analysis of Logic' that describes an algebraic system of logic and known as “Boolean Algebra. Boole’s system was based on binary, a “Yes” (affirmative) & “No” (negative). On the other hand “On” & “Off” approach that consisted of the three most basic operations: “AND”, “OR”, and “NOT”.
L
Update: 9 day of December, 2019. Timing: 3:30 pm (Bangladesh Time)
Comments
Post a Comment