The Life

The Life ٢-الَّذِي خَلَقَ الْمَوْتَ وَالْحَيَاةَ لِيَبْلُوَكُمْ أَيُّكُمْ أَحْسَنُ عَمَلًا ۚ وَهُوَ الْعَزِيزُ الْغَفُورُ ◯ 2. He Who created Death And Life, that He May try which of you Is best in deed : And He is the Exalted In Might, Oft-Forgiving ;— (Sūra 67: Mulk, or Dominion, Ayat:2, Verses 30 — Makki; Revealed at Makka — Sections 2,https://quranyusufali.com/67/) লোকে জিজ্ঞাসা করে রূহ কী? বলুন, আল্লাহর আদেশ। Life has found a home on Earth for around 4 billion years. That's a significant fraction of the universe's 13.77 billion-year history. Presumably, if life arose here, it could have appeared anywhere. And for sufficiently broad definitions of life, it might even be possible for life to have appeared mere seconds after the Big Bang. Origin of life Life on Earth has existed for at least 3.5 billion years,[66][67][68][69] with the oldest physical traces of life dating back 3.7 billion years.[70][71] Estimates from molecular clocks, as summarized in the TimeTree public database, place the origin of life around 4.0 billion years ago.[72] Hypotheses on the origin of life attempt to explain the formation of a universal common ancestor from simple organic molecules via pre-cellular life to protocells and metabolism.[73] In 2016, a set of 355 genes from the last universal common ancestor was tentatively identified.[74] The biosphere is postulated to have developed, from the origin of life onwards, at least some 3.5 billion years ago.[75] The earliest evidence for life on Earth includes biogenic graphite found in 3.7 billion-year-old metasedimentary rocks from Western Greenland[70] and microbial mat fossils found in 3.48 billion-year-old sandstone from Western Australia.[71] More recently, in 2015, "remains of biotic life" were found in 4.1 billion-year-old rocks in Western Australia.[66] In 2017, putative fossilised microorganisms (or microfossils) were announced to have been discovered in hydrothermal vent precipitates in the Nuvvuagittuq Belt of Quebec, Canada that were as old as 4.28 billion years, the oldest record of life on Earth, suggesting "an almost instantaneous emergence of life" after ocean formation 4.4 billion years ago, and not long after the formation of the Earth 4.54 billion years ago.[76] Life is a quality that distinguishes matter that has biological processes, such as signaling and self-sustaining processes, from matter that does not, and is defined descriptively by the capacity for organisation, metabolism, growth, adaptation, response to stimuli, and reproduction. Life has been studied since ancient times, with theories such as Empedocles's materialism asserting that it was composed of four eternal elements, and Aristotle's hylomorphism asserting that living things have souls and embody both form and matter. Life originated at least 3.5 billion years ago, resulting in a universal common ancestor. This evolved into all the species that exist now, by way of many extinct species, some of which have left traces as fossils. Attempts to classify living things, too, began with Aristotle. Modern classification began with Carl Linnaeus's system of binomial nomenclature in the 1740s.